The blank branch interprets and upholds the laws.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

geography

this is because warmer climates often don't get people sick from the flu and regions where it was often colder more people received the flu. hope this if you need more reasoning i am here to

the steam engine.

the locomotive.

the telephone.

the telegraph.

the internal combustion engine.

the rifle.

ironclad ships.

electricity/light bulb.

it was bribing i think i might be wrong though