From the 9th to the 14th century, Muslim rule of conquered territories was characterized by

the toleration of members of other cultures

Explanation:

Islamic expansion was peaceful and democratic for many years. This is because from the 9th to the 14th century, Muslims did not impose their cultures and religion on conquered peoples, on the contrary, they showed great tolerance and respect for the customs and beliefs of these peoples, allowing them to continue with their worship, their gods and their mores. This is the result of an Islamic concept that was highly respected by Muslims, the concept that no one should be obliged to accept the religion of another and that no type of violence should be used among peoples.

among the options given on the question the correct answer is option d.

tan winces when she describes her mother’s english as “broken.”

explanation: the excerpt is from "mother tongue" is an essay by amy tan. the purpose of writing this essay was describe the challenging situation of someone who was raised in a family where the parents could not speak proper english and the influence of the situation.people also could judge the individual for the poor english.

however, amy tan described the english of her mother as broken according to the other people. but every time, she referred as broken she winced. because, she began to understand the world with her mother's english.she could understand her mother's english.

therefore, tan winces when she describes her mother’s english as “broken.”

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts