In july 1853, a fleet of ships arrived in japan's edo bay, demanding trading rights.

In July 1853, a fleet of American ships arrived in Japan's Edo Bay, demanding trading rights.

The expedition to Japan was commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry, who arrived in Japan for the first time in 1853, with the objective of negotiating commercial treaties with the ultra-protectionist Emperor Tokugawa. As a result of this approach, in 1854 the Treaty of Kanagawa was signed, thus opening the Japanese ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to trade with the United States, guaranteeing the safety of American castaways and establishing a permanent consul.

this forms a narrow, steep sided inlet (sometimes deeper than 1300 metres) connected to the sea. the terminal moraine pushed down the valley by the glacier is left underwater at the fjord’s entrance, causing the water at the neck of the fjord to be shallower than the main body of the fjord behind it.

b: to eliminate competition from other farmers