What was the movement of rational thinking and empowerment that influenced many of the Founding Fathers?

The Enlightenment.

Explanation:

The Enlightenment that began during the 17th and 18th centuries was an intellectual movement that propagated reason as the primary source of a person's authority and legitimacy. This philosophical movement also advocated for the ideas of freedom, liberty, constitutional government, and the difference between state and church.

This movement of rational thinking and empowerment gave ideas to the founding fathers of the American Constitution. They drew most ideas from the Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke and Thomas Paine. It was through them that the drafters of the first American principles drew the ideas of a people's government, the need for laws, freedom, one's rights, and also the need for the government working for the governed.

the american revolution was by the middle and upper class, and the french was by the lower and middle class.

i think it's a)sparta