What army held Ft. Sumter in March 1861? Why was this army forced to surrender the fort?

Confederate forces held Fort Sumter in March 1861

Explanation:

"Following Beauregard's bombardment in 1861, Confederate forces occupied Fort Sumter and used it to marshal a defense of Charleston Harbor. Once it was completed and better armed, Fort Sumter allowed the Confederates to create a valuable hole in the Union blockade of the Atlantic seaboard."

"Major Robert Anderson...was forced to surrender it to Southern forces and returned to the North disappointed that he had not been able to postpone a civil war." because his troops were running out of supplies. They were on the verge of starving.

I hope this helps...

c. the dred scott v. sandford case,

your answer would be (a)