Why did adam smith advise nations to allow their economies to remain as free as possible from government interference?

In what way did expansion and global trade during the 15th to 18th centuries affect the economies of european countries

What does the quote describe? “the closeness of the place, and the heat of the climate, added to the number in the ship, which was so crowded that each had scarcely room to turn himself, almost suffocated us….the shrieks of the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered the whole a scene of horror almost inconceivable.”

What challenges did political parties face during the election of 1800