Can somebody help me with this?

Which of the following led to a continuation of the treatment in the excerpt above? a)the brutality of the trans-atlantic african slave trade. b)spanish repression after violent native uprisings in new spain during the 16th century. c)european competition to quickly establish colonial holdings in the new world. d)the reliance of the spanish on native americans to provide labor under the encomienda system.

What domestic issues did england and france have?

Does anyone know why the second great awakening occurred? (i need an answer asap because this is a question on my assignment! < 3 : ))