Which country has an effective replacement level?

china
india
sweden
australia

its not india because i picked that one and i got it wrong

sweden

Explanation:

Replacement fertility refers to the minimum fertility needed for a closed population (migrations are understood separately) to be maintained indefinitely in time without decreasing its volume, and is usually estimated at 2.1 children per woman on average.

It is understood that each woman must reproduce herself and her partner, and the decimal is because there are women who do not have any children. However, despite having been used profusely, and despite having served to justify natalist policies and alarms about the demographic future of many countries, this level is sometimes fallacious, as it may result from a misuse of the principles of the analysis of the reproduction.

Reproduction does not depend solely on fertility, but results from its balance with the other component, mortality. In a population with limited survival up to reproductive ages, a fecundity of 2.1 may be totally insufficient for its replacement. This could happen, for example, during the first phase of the demographic transition. In fact, historically, it has been common for the populations to remain barely growing but at the cost of fertility exceeding 5 children per woman. And, on the contrary, a population whose survival only increases can be maintained for a defined time with fecundities lower than the mentioned 2.1. The population "replacement", therefore, and unlike the individual "replacement", does not only depend on the number of children the people have, but also depends on their population structure, the time they live, they and their descendants.

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