1.
During the late 19th century, factory owners often hired child workers because
children -

didn't understand the value of money

In the 19th century, factory owners hired children because children did not understand the value of money so well. They kept working, and no one had any problems until later on. Hope it helps!

john smith was the first englishman to sail around the world. francis bacon served as attorney general and lord chancellor of england. he took up aristotelian ideas, arguing for an empirical, inductive approach, known as the scientific method, which is the foundation of modern scientific inquiry.

i believe your answer is d)