All the following characterized the "closing" of Japan to the West except: a concerted anti-Christian campaign under the Edo Shogunate. a culturally affirming "Dutch Studies" * program for the naturalized Dutch and for Dutch-Japanese in Japan. closing off all European trade between1633 and 1639. the closing was not total, the door was left slightly open for information-gathering purposes.

c. the dred scott v. sandford case,

the crusades are one of the most significant events in the history of europe and the middle east.   they were a series of religious wars carried out by christian crusaders from europe during the timeframe of the middle ages.   beginning in 1095 ce, the crusades saw european knights and noblemen travel to the middle east in an attempt to capture the holy land away from muslim people that had controlled the region for the previous centuries.   the term crusade means ‘cross’.   therefore, the europeans that became crusaders viewed themselves as ‘taking up the cross’.   in fact, many of the crusaders wore crosses on their clothing and armor as they made their pilgrimage to the holy land.

explanation:

answer: the correct answer is c.

explanation:

explanation:

damn girl thats not really your friend then. : /