The closest modern-day equivalent of a joint stock company is Choose 1
A government agency, sponsored by tax revenue
A scientific non-profit, dedicated to spreading knowledge about the natural world
A corporation, with shares spread among many investors

A corporation, with shares spread among many investors

Explanation:

Join-stock companies are the antecessor to modern-day corporations. In fact, join-stock companies worked essentially the same way as a modern corporation.

Join-stock companies were born in a few European countries: Italy, the Netherlands, Britain and France. They were developed when financing needs became too high for a single or a few owners to finance. This is why stocks began to be sold to many individuals, who each held a fraction of ownership of the Join-stock company.

The two most famous Join-stock companies were the British East India Company, and the Dutch East India Company. These two companies were involved in very similar businesses: colonial adventures, trade, and even slavery.

can you attach the answer options

- "the civil rights movements"

- "following the american civil war and abolition of slavery, the united states entered a period known as reconstruction, during which black americans continued to suffer from disenfranchisement, racial segregation, and economic oppression. beginning in the early 1950's, black americans launched a series of major campaigns of civil resistance, emphasizing the need for nonviolent protests and civil disobedience."

"such as the montgomery bus boycott of 1955-56, a campaign launched by rosa parks against the policy of racial segregation of the public transit system in alabama. “sit-ins” became popular across the american south, particularly in greensboro, north carolina, increase national sentiment."

- "the counterculture movement"

- "counterculture began to develop in the united states following the rise of conformity in american culture during the 1950s. by 1963, youth, particularly those of the white middle class, began rejecting the cultural standards and normality of their parents, opting for progressive attitudes instead. the movement gained momentum as the civil rights movement became increasingly successful and as the u.s. military intervention of vietnam began to take a negative turn."

"hippie counterculture moved further into popular culture following the summer of love in 1967 when thousands of people came together in the haight-ashbury neighborhood of san francisco. along with greenwich village in new york city, haight-ashbury became a hub for the counterculture movement."