Hienwatha tried to think of some way to convince his enemies to accept the idea of cooperation. His solution was to weave a belt of wampum-shell strings that showed a great chain connecting the five northern Iroquois nations—Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca. . . . It is said that he finally won over Tadadaho with a simple demonstration: he asked the Onondaga chief to break an arrow, which he did easily; then Hienwatha tied a bundle of five arrows together which Tadadaho could not break. Thereafter, Hienwatha, Dekanahwideh, Tadadaho, and the other leaders of the Five Nations created a confederation government that Europeans later would call the League of the Iroquois (Haudenosaunee). –Christopher L. Miller "Change and Crisis: North America on the Eve of the European Invasion” According to the excerpt, the Iroquois Confederacy a. granted political authority to a single, dominant leader. b. used sachems, whose power was inherited through family lines. c. created the first democratic republic in North America. d. was traditionally ruled by female leaders who conducted diplomacy.