Why did benjamin franklin establish the american philosophical society in 1743?

a) to bring together scientists interested in understanding natural phenomena.
b) to garner in compiling his book of maxims and proverbs, poor richard's almanack.
c) to create a space for those who wanted to share ideas about european religion and politics.
d) to bring together intellectuals and challenge the authority of the protestant church.

To bring together scientists interested in understanding natural phenomena.

Explanation: American philosophical society also known as APA was established in 1743 at Philadelphia by Benjamin Franklin. The very purpose of establishment of the society was to make a scholarly society which will try to find out how the nature of things increases the power of man over matter by using their intellect and knowledge. So, the correct answer to this question is that Benjamin Franklin brought together scientist who are interested in understanding the natural phenomena.

the industrial development of cities in the ruhr area in the nineteenth century is described. the research was based on english and german language sources. several factors that shaped growth and paths of the cities were categorized and analyzed. they are locations, resources, traditions, entrepreneurs, and technological developments. locations and resources were the most important among them; other factors may be regarded as consequences from locations and resources. among the cities, bochum, essen, gelsenkirchen, and dortmund had the richest resources and most favorable locations in the transportation network and grew to be the largest cities in the ruhr area near the end of the nineteenth century. riverside location was also a favorable factor for the development, as shown in the development of duisburg on the confluence of rhine and ruhr. resource distribution can explain the rise of textile industry, metallurgical industry, and coal and iron industries, and the northward progression of the mining industry. tradition was an important factor for cities such as krefeld, barmen, elberfeld, solingen, and remscheid, which experienced development based on their traditions through the nineteenth century. various entrepreneurs exerted influences within and beyond the local level over the ruhr area. technological development stimulated the northward progression of the mining industry and the deep connection between the coal and the iron industries.

the word that best sums up the tone of the newspaper regarding the treaty of versailles is resentful.