Why did early African trading empires rise and fall?

The causes for all three kingdoms to rise and fall were based on leadership and economic issues. ... Mali rose as a result of strong military leadership and fell when the empire became too large for a weak king to rule. History repeated itself when the same happened to Songhai.

world war i began in 1914, after the assassination of archduke franz ferdinand, and lasted until 1918. during the conflict, germany, austria-hungary, bulgaria and the ottoman empire (the central powers) fought against great britain, france, russia, italy, romania, japan and the united states (the allied powers). to new military technologies and the horrors of trench warfare, world war i saw unprecedented levels of carnage and destruction. by the time the war was over and the allied powers claimed victory, more than 16 million people—soldiers and civilians alike—were dead.

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