Which of the following best describes the First Battle of Bull Run?
Union forces staged a surprise attack but were forced to retreat.
Union forces staged a surprise attack and defeated Confederate forces.
Confederate forces staged a surprise attack and defeated Union forces.
Confederate forces staged a surprise attack but were forced to retreat.

Union forces staged a surprise attack but were forced to retreat.

Explanation:

In the First Battle of Bull Run, Union forces planned to attack with many troops but were thrown off guard by the persistance, size, and determination of Confederate army. General Thomas Jackson earned the name Stonewall Jackson from telling his troops to close in on the Union and not give up; he was as sturdy as a stone wall.

the answer is jerusalem

a.

congress passed laws allowing for free passage between states.