Who is considered the "father" of modern political polling who in 1936 was the first to use the random sample method of selection of people to be polled (and thus created a more fair and accurate poll result) .

George Horace Gallup

Explanation: George Gallup was an American pioneer of survey sampling techniques and inventor of the Gallup poll, a successful statistical method of survey sampling that was used to measure public opinion. He is often referred to as the developer of public polling.

In 1936, his organization, the American Institute of Public Opinion(Gallup Poll) achieved national recognition by correctly predicting, using the replies of just 50,000 respondents, that Franklin Roosevelt would defeat Alf Landon in the United States Presidential election. This contradicted the widely-respected Literary Digest magazine whose poll which was based on over two million returned questionnaires predicted that Landon would be the winner.

the correct answer is “opportunity cost”. opportunity cost is what a company misses out because it decided in one option over another one. in this case, the company decided to invest in building a factory so it gave up another possible benefit or profit in order to achieve success with the factory.  

trade-off is not the correct answer since it is a situation in which you accept losing something in return for benefits in other areas.

and finally, consequence is a general term used to accept what it comes when you make a decision. it can be a positive or negative consequence depending if the decision you took was the correct one.  

(202 bc - 220 ad) dynasty started by lui bang; a great and long-lasting rule, it discarded the harsh policies of the qin dynasty and adopted confucian principles; han rulers chose officials who passed the civil service exams rather than birth; it was a time of prosperity