A period during which man made many significant advances in ways of living including developing a system of writing building cities and towns organizing governments etc?

Civilization is the period during which man made many significant advances in ways of living including developing a system of writing building cities and towns organizing governments etc.

Explanation:

Civilization refers to the advent of a period when agricultural settlements were begun on river valleys to produce surplus food to feed the population. This required some non-agricultural work leading to development of many types of inventions and work for basic living.

The need for language to communication led to the beginning of script and writing.  

Surplus food led to increase in production, population, and trade. As the settlements grew in size, social stratification began based on various criteria but mainly on the type of job.

As the population of a settlement grew, civilization led to modernization and urbanization which led to construction of buildings to dwell, work, practice religion, recreation, social gathering etc.

To control and lead the population, various organizations and governments were formed. Small towns joined together formed large cities.

answer: karl marx, max weber, and emile durkheim (the fourth could be considered georg simmel)

explanation:

c) troops march forward in close formation against newer, more accurate weapons