Which of the following was not a goal of the crusades? (5 points)
a. stopping the spread of islam to europe
b. conquering land en route to the holy land
c. modernizing the technology of europe
d. retaking religious shrines in the holy land

A. identify the constitutional clause that is common to both mccutcheon v. federal election commission (2014) and citizens united v. federal election commission (2010). based on the constitutional clause identified in part a, explain why the facts of citizens united v. federal election commission (2010) led to a similar holding to the holding in mccutcheon v. federal election commission (2014). describe an action that members of the public who disagree with the holding in mccutcheon v. federal election commission could take to limit its impact.