How does Paine try to motivate people in the first paragraph

Which of these statements describes a long-term impact of european imperialism in africa? a. african countries joined together to present a united front against imperialism. b. europeans paid african countries after colonizing them, offering these new countries a fresh start. c. european powers drew the current borders, splitting ethnic groups among modern countries. d. africans became more loyal to their countries than to their ethnic groups.

In a low-income household in the developed world, more than 30% of a woman's income typically goes toward a. transportation costs b. child care c. clothing and incidentals d. the repayment of educational loans

Interest groups representing businesses and investors are often among the most successful lobbying groups for all of the following reasons, except a. such groups have the financial resources to mount sustained campaigns on their own behalf b. these groups' members contribute heavily to many legislators' campaigns and in so doing gain greater access to legislators c. these groups have often been in existence for decades, allowing them to both master the legislative system and develop close ties with legislators d. the members of these groups make up the majority of voters in many districts