The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was harsh toward the Germans and led to resentment after the war. forged the alliance between England and France that would later be expanded to the Triple Entente. forced the Chinese to give Hong Kong to the British. ended Russia's involvement in World War I. was shaped by American desires.

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk;

Ended Russia involvement in World War 1

Explanation:

With imminent tumble of the Russian government in March 1917, that led to the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the led to weak provisional government being appointed which shared power with the Petrograd Soviet socialists.

Another October Revolution was followed which tumbled the provisional government and brought about the Bolsheviks led by Vladimir Lenin

Into power, this was then accompanied in December 1917 by a truce and negotiations with Germany. Where the treaty was proposed, although Vladimir Lenin did not want to agree to the the treaty and German terms at First but with further military defeat by the Germans, and the Germans matching across to Ukraine without being stopped he agreed .

This brought the Russians to come to terms with the Central Powers through the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, this treaty granted the Germans a very crucial victory that resulted in Russia exiting the scene of the world war 1 and cutting their ties and allegiance with the Allied Powers.

#2 the answer is d

#3 the answer is a

#4 the answer is b