A seller's willingness to sell is
measured by the seller's cost of production.
to her supply curve as a buyer's willingness to buy is to his demand curve.
less than the price received if producer surplus is a positive number.
All of the above are correct.

Egypt is home to one of the oldest human civilizations. theearliest egyptian dynasty was established around 3100bce. egypt was ruled by powerful leaders known as pharaohs until the 500s bce, when it was conquered by a series of invaders, including the persian empire and the roman empire. after the fall of the roman empire, egypt became part of aseries of muslim empires, including the ottoman empire.european powers then occupied egypt beginning in the late 18th century. today, egypt is an independent republic with its own constitution and elected leaders. however, some modern observers worry that powerful military leaders have seized too much power in the country. it is possible that egypt will become an autocratic state if these leaders continue to grow more powerful.which statement from the passage addresses an event from the present? a. after the fall of the roman empire, egypt became part of a seriesof muslim empires, including the ottoman empire.b. egypt was ruled by powerful leaders known as pharaohs until the 500s bce, when egypt was conquered by a series of invaders, including the persian empire and the roman empire.c. it is possible that egypt will become an autocratic state if the leaders continue to grow more powerful.d. however some modern observers worry that powerful military leaders have seized too much power in the country.edit: the correct answer is d