Which European countries gained territory of the Ottomans? How?

France and Great Britain won most territories that had formerly belonged to the Ottoman Empire. The latter was one of the losing powers of World War One - a German ally - and the conflict had worn out the administration. British troops had occupied Syria, Palestine and Mesopotamia; there was threat of direct occupation by British, French and Greek forces following an armistice in 1918.

Negotiations took place in France and the Treaty of Sevres was finally signed  in 1920. Disguised as a League of Nations mandate, the British and the French saw their control of Syria, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq and Lebanon ratified. Greece got Eastern Thrace and Ionia. Italy received the Dodecanese islands and a part of Anatolia. Armenian were given an independent state in Western Anatolia.

Explanation:

b. sec, foreign relations