When Alaska passed a law in the 1970s that gave state residents preference over nonresidents in obtaining work on oil pipelines, this law violated the clause.

The correct answer is privileges and immunities clause.

Explanation:

This clause of the second section requires interstate protection of "privileges and immunities." The ambiguity of the clause has given rise to different interpretations. Some argued that the clause required that Congress treat all citizens equally. Others suggested that citizens of a state, when traveling to different states, transfer the rights recognized by their states of origin. None of these theories have been accepted by the Supreme Court which, on the other hand, has stated that the clause means that states cannot discriminate against citizens of other states in favor of their own citizens.

The answer is privileges and immunities clause

Explanation:

The law that was passed by Alaska in 1970 was to give the state resident preference over the non resident .The law was seen to favour the Alaska resident over the non resident .The law does not give everyone equal opportunity to secure job in the Alaska oil industry in the areas of oil pipeline irrespective of the state they comes from.The law was in violation of the privileges and immunities clause under the 14th Amendment of the American constitution. The privileges and immunities clause under the constitution gave citizens from other state equal benefit as citizens from the same state where they reside in the United States.

a)the court decides which cases it will hear

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explanation: