Explain how the us federal system of checks and balances ideally prevents a “tyranny of the majority”?

I will cite Steve Farrell on this.

"Our Constitution embodies the principle of checks and balances. Separate are legislative, executive and judicial powers. Separate are the two branches of the legislature as well – each power, each branch, possessing checks and balances upon neighbouring powers and branches.

Further, there is the federal principle, wherein all the powers not delegated specifically to the national government belong to the states or the people. (5)

The Bill of Rights provides yet another check, while the constitutional mandate that the states guarantee a republican form of government to their people (6) helps insure that government on the state level is similarly checked and balanced, and that city and county governments play a vital role..."

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