What is the location referred to as ""here"" in the quote from the divine comedy

The correct answer is Purgatorio

Explanation: "For such pride, here one pays the penalty: and I'd not be here yet, had it not been that, while I  

Still could sin, I turned to Him."

1. it was caused by feudalism

2. charlemagne used christianity as a major cornerstone for his rule. cloisters were built all over the empire to act as centers for the (re)population of the vast european wilderness.

3. the europeans feared the next raid every time chetak

i'm not so sure about #6. but i hope i you with the first 3.