General characteristics of civilization include all of the following except

Since we don't have the options, let's see what are the main general characteristics of civilization:

1) Surplus of production. It means this society is organized in a way it can produce more than it needs to survive and has goods that can be traded. This led to a complexification of society as it can have people who work with trade and not on farms.

2) Social stratification. It is when a society is divided into clearly different groups according to the function each one of them has. It is usually also a sign of the presence of a centralized government.

3) Writing. This is one of the strongest signs of cultural wealth. To create a writing indicates complex organizational needs.

4) Shared values. These are what holds a society together and it means it is developed enough to think about itself as something concrete.

tenochtitlan (also spelled tenochtitlán), located on an island near the western shore of lake texcoco in central mexico, was the capital city and religious centre of the aztec civilization. the traditional founding date of the city was 1345 ce and it remained the most important aztec centre until its destruction at the hands of the conquering spanish led by hernán cortés in 1521 ce, which led to the final collapse of the aztec empire.

a memoir is the correct answer