In the election of 1860:
a. the republicans called for a suspension of plans for a transcontinental railroad
b. stephen douglas received a larger popular vote than abraham lincoln
c. john bell and j. c. breckinridge, taken together, bested lincoln in the popular vote
d. the republicans won a narrow majority in congress
e. white southerners concluded their position in the union was hopeless

How did european exploration and expansion cause the african slave trade to expand? a. european explorers discovered the slave trade and expanded it across the indian ocean into south asia. b. arab armies captured european explorers and forced them into slavery. c. european traders shipped enslaved africans to work on plantations in european colonies in the americas. d.european explorers captured african people and forced them to work on their ships.