What does the following excerpt most likely mean?

“should one of the high contracting parties become the object of belligerent action by a third power, the other high contracting party shall in no manner lend its support to this third power.”

-if germany or the soviet union is invaded by another nation, the other country must invade the aggressor.

-if germany or the soviet union is invaded by another nation, the pact is invalid.

-if germany or the soviet union is invaded by another nation, neither country should offer support to the aggressor.

-if germany or the soviet union is invaded by great britain or france, then war must be declared by germany and the soviet union.

If Germany or the Soviet Union is invaded by Great Britain or France, then war must be declared by Germany and the Soviet Union.

Option D

Explanation:

During August 23rd, 1939 a Treaty on Non-aggression was formed between Germany and the Soviet Union. They were the two nations once in relationship of victor and then they both became defeated powers. The government of Germany and USSR framed Articles for peace treaty.  

In Article II it says that Germany or the Soviet Union if invaded by another nation, the two countries are not supposed to lend a helping hand towards the aggressor. The treaty was for a tenure of ten years. It was a very confidential business between the two countries.  

a flatwork hope this

islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation. however, in the modern contexts of muslims minorities in non-muslim countries as well as secularised muslim states like turkey, indonesia and bangladesh, religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal shapes.

compared to religious leaders/clerics of the other abrahamic faiths, islamic clergy are said to resemble rabbis and not priests. unlike catholic priests they do not "serve as intermediaries between mankind and god",[1] have "process of ordination",[2] or "sacramental functions",[1] but instead serve as "exemplars, teachers, judges, and community leaders," providing religious rules to the pious on "even the most minor and private" matters.[1]