How and why did qing china respond to european exploration in the manner that it did? think domestically and internationally

The Chinese civilization has been an ethnocentric one. It always saw itself as the center of civilization, culture and enlightenment, and all others outside its borders were seen as barbarians. Imperial China did not see or feel a need to engage in large-scale trade or significant exchanges with outside powers, with neighbors or distant countries. No country was seen as equal, all were treated as vassals or bearers of tributes for the Son of Heaven, the Emperor. We see the historical example of the first British diplomatic mission of McCartney, which had to return with empty hands; his new mechanic marvels and gifts did not impress the Qianlong emperor. Besides, like all the previous dynasties in the long history of China, the Qing empire faced a security threat from the north, where northern nomadic peoples kept pressing on the borders of civilization, that is, on China´s borders. Chinese rulers alway feared being overrun by those foreign forces - the Mongols who conquered and ruled China for a century came from the north. So, resources and efforts focused on internal issues. And finally , Qing China spent much resources to expand its borders  to present-day Tibet and Xinjiang.

Explanation:

answer: sorry but maybe take a pic of the map so nobody's confused

explanation:

when a country suffers, for example, a drought period, the market product is affected for a low offer, in this case, potatoes; the government has to tax to the households, which have to give more money for the potatoes which they consume, that situation make them consume substitute goods even through loans, it could increase the financial market movement and the inflationary phenomena, the business has to increase salaries in order to the employees could buy a more expensive food (potatoes) and in order to inflation tha business had to buy expensive supplies in the factor market, while the rest of the world have to gain more money to consume the same amount of potatoes.