What is it called when an elected official gives good jobs to his friends?

All i need is an outline i need with getting started with a research paper. i need with an outline for history of slavery. i don’t know how i should start it end. i need with an outline.

The factory system of the early-19th century caused a) a decrease in farm production. b) an increase in rural population. c) an increase in urban population. d) high unemployment in other areas.

When u make a choice the experience from what would have been your second option is called