Who was john of damascus? how did religious leaders attempt to resolve the iconoclast controversy?

John of Damascus was an Eastern monk and also a theological doctor of the Greek and Latin churches. His treaties on the veneration of scared images made him quite famous in his time. His opinions kept him in the front of the Iconoclastic Controversy.  

Explanation:

In the 8th and the 9th centuries there was a dispute over the use of the religious icons in the Byzantine Empire. Iconoclasts are the people who rejected these images and objected to the veneration of icons for several different reasons. While the people in favour supported the symbolic nature of these images.  In the 7th century, the images were used as symbols of encouraged cult. But it was resolved only in 787, when empress Irene convoked the seventh ecumenical and henceforth iconoclasm was condemned and the use of images was allowed. But again in 815, it was abolished by the iconoclast only to be re-established in 843 by the widow of Theophilus.  

the correct answer is "c: merchants" and "e. soldiers".

the song dynasty was known as the first government in the world to introduce paper currency. it was also the first chinese government which established a permanent standing navy. finally, the first compass was introduced during this period of government.

all of these innovations heavily affected commerce in a positive way. printed money dynamize commerce within the borders of the empire due to an easier way to quantify value during the trade. the introduction of the compass trade routes to be faster. finally, the introduction of a standing navy regulate trade routes.

regarding military affairs, gunpowder was created during this period. this was a tremendous improvement that was widely utilized by the military in order to innovate in the manufacturing of weapons.