When a european power placed one of its officials in a foreign government to remotely control that government a was created.

protectorate

Explanation:

According to my research on different political strategies, I can say that based on the information provided within the question this created a protectorate. Like mentioned in the question a protectorate is a territory that is allowed to exist independently but is controlled and protected by a greater sovereign state. Such an example of a protectorate is Puerto Rico as it is independent but controlled and protected by the United States of America.

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islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation. however, in the modern contexts of muslims minorities in non-muslim countries as well as secularised muslim states like turkey, indonesia and bangladesh, religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal shapes.

compared to religious leaders/clerics of the other abrahamic faiths, islamic clergy are said to resemble rabbis and not priests. unlike catholic priests they do not "serve as intermediaries between mankind and god",[1] have "process of ordination",[2] or "sacramental functions",[1] but instead serve as "exemplars, teachers, judges, and community leaders," providing religious rules to the pious on "even the most minor and private" matters.[1]