Very easy 20 !

which selection from the section "origins of the crusades" shows the main reason behind the crusades?

(a) by the end of the 11th century the countries of europe had become major powers. their populations had grown dramatically and their governments had become better organized.

(b) some people believed that they were living at the end of time. they thought it best to be in jerusalem when jesus returned at the last judgment.

(c) these developments were affected by changes in the holy land and in the byzantine empire. this was a christian empire covering parts of eastern europe and asia minor.

(d) the previous rulers of the holy city were arabs who had allowed christian pilgrims to visit, but the turks did not. they also persecuted christians and attacked christian holy places.