What challenge of urbanization and industrialization is demonstrated in this photo? a) unfair labor practices b) inner-city overcrowding c) child labor exploitation d) racism and discrimination

the answer is b

Explanation:

inner-city overcrowding is the challenges that the photo depicts. In the late-19th century, not only did more Americans move into urban areas, but many immigrants arriving to the U.S. settled in the cities to find work, too.

demand is the need and oportunity to buy a given good or service.