Thomas hobbes was a philosopher from he was greatly influenced by the events of the which began in the 1640s. hobbes pioneered the idea of a social contract, which was an agreement between

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Thomas Hobbes was a philosopher from England.  He was greatly influenced by the events of the English Civil War, which began in the 1640s. Hobbes pioneered the idea of a social contract, which was an agreement between people and the government.

Explanation/details:

Thomas Hobbes published a famous work called Leviathan in 1651, following the chaos and destruction of the English Civil War.  The title "Leviathan" comes from a biblical word for a great and mighty beast. Hobbes believed government is formed by people for the sake of their personal security and stability in society.  In Hobbes' view, once the people put a king (or other leader in power), then that leader needs to have supreme power (like a great and mighty beast).    Hobbes' view of the natural state of human beings without a government held that people are too divided and too volatile as individuals -- everyone looking out for his own interests.  So for security and stability, authority and the power of the law needs to be in the hands of a powerful ruler like a king or queen.  And so people willingly enter a "social contract" in which they live under a government that provides stability and security for society.

Probably the most famous set of lines from Hobbes' Leviathan book describes what he saw as the natural state of human affairs without government -- one in which every individual had freedom, but that meant it was a situation of "war of all against all," or we might say, every man for himself.  Hobbes wrote:

the federalist party which advocated strong centralization dominated the united states government till 1800. so 1800 election transformed the power from one party to another party for the first time and was thus a turning point in american history. so jefferson called it "revolution of 1800".

explanation:

your answer will be b. improving roads, bridges, and other infrastructure. hope i !