Which example best demonstrate the effect of artificial price controls on supply and demand

a)both rent controls and minimum wage laws result in shortages
b) both rent controls and minimum wage laws in surpluses
c) rent controls result in surpluses and minimum wage laws result in shortages
d) rent controls result in shortages and minimum wage laws result in surpluses

D)

Rent controls result in shortages and minimum wage laws result in surpluses.

`stare decisis is a legal doctrine that obligates courts to follow historical cases when making a ruling on a similar current or future case. stare decisis ensures that cases with identical facts be approached in the same way, unless overruled by the same court or a higher court such as the us supreme court. simply put, it binds courts to follow legal precedents set by previous decisions.

stare decisis is a latin term meaning "to stand by that which is decided".