How did early british labor unions succeed in their efforts to create labor reform?

This was because the rich owners of the factories and other places of work has a lot of sway in the government, while the people whom they hired were often very young (child labor was completely unregulated) and virtually none of the workers had an education. This coupled with harsh punishments for disobedience and failing to meet quota meant many lived in fear of their superiors. All of these factors came together to result in few wanting to try and rest out of fear of harsh punishment or simply getting replaced by one of the thousands of desperate people looking for work, that and with nobody knowing how to read or write rallies were difficult to pull together without passing through word of mouth, if you've ever played telephone then you know how reliable that is. There's the shortest answer I could come up with. I hope this helps.