During the seventeenth century a. the english monarchy was temporarily replaced by a new government called the commonwealth. b. the english enjoyed an unprecedented period of economic and political security. c. the english government was seized by the puritans, who instituted a strict oligarchy. d. the english united with spain and holland to battle france for supremacy in the new world.

the ottoman empire was dwindling and two large to manage

explanation:

immigrants from northern and western europe continued coming as they had for three centuries, but in decreasing numbers

the constitution divided the powers into three branches because they don’t want to have a king or queen that has all power. to balance the authority and power the constitution distributed power into the three branches.