Identify the key features of humanism and explain how it differs from traditional medieval thought. do you think the renaissance represents a revolutionary change in european thought and culture? why or why not? use specific details from your research to support your statements. (remember to cite your sources.) 24 points!

The origins of the humanism can be located on the Renassaince. The later was a great cultural movement in Europe that lead to a development of the life of societies on that continent in the spheres of education, infrastructure and later on it expanded to political and philosophical thought. As a cultural and philosophical paradigm had it best known for the representations on the Arts. While Middle Ages Gothic art had a more plain style,  Renaissance artist seek a deep sense of perspective and develops more the sense of two-dimensional space. The printing press was a key instrument for spreading its ideas across the lands, whereas parchment was the former way used traditionally in the Middle Ages.

The exponents of Renaissance view the body as an object of the cult while the Gothic art was much more dominant in the former period. English was a local language in the literature as well as other languages as French, in contrast to the widespread use of Greek and Latin that were common among intellectuals in the Middle Ages. Finally, we can say that with the arrival of the Humanism, the Church as a predominant institution regulating life on society had a diminished role.

the bar kochba rebellion (132-135) against the roman empire, also known as the second jewish-roman war, was the second major jewish revolt in judea and the last of the great jewish-roman wars.

after the first jewish-roman war of the years 66-73, the roman authorities took measures to crush any new attempt of rebellion in judea. his political situation was modified and instead of a prefect a governor of praetorian rank was appointed, and in the ruins of jerusalem the seat of a complete roman legion, the legio x fretensis was established.

the political and religious direction of the jewish people was left in the hands of the sanhedrin, with initial headquarters in yavne.

the direct causes of the rebellion vary according to the source. the roman historian dio cassius (155-229) attributes the revolt to the decision of hadrian to found in the place of jerusalem a roman city called aelia capitolina (aelia by its own name and capitolina in honor of the roman god jupiter). on the other hand, the jewish sources, while recognizing this resolution as true, assign higher priority to the decrees dictated by hadrian that forbade the brit milah (circumcision), the respect of the sabbath and the laws of purity in the family.

hadrian's intention was to "civilize" and incorporate the jews once and for all into the greco-roman culture. for greek and roman culture, circumcision was an intolerable mutilation.

the jewish tradition tells in the midrash tanjuma a meeting between rabbi akiva and the governor turnus rufus, where he asked for an explanation about the circumcision.

an additional legion, the legio vi ferrata, moved to the province to maintain order, and work began in the year 131 after the governor of judea, turnus rufus performed the founding ceremony of aelia capitolina. a roman coin with the inscription aelia capitolina was struck in the year 132.

the tannaim rabbi akiva, who without being named nasi directed the sanhedrin, convinced the other members to support the imminent rebellion.

the jewish leaders carefully planned the second rebellion to avoid the numerous errors that had been committed in the first one. in the year 132 the rebellion led by bar kochba quickly expanded from modiim throughout the country, defeating the x roman legion based in jerusalem and destroying the xxii roman legion that had come from egypt.