What did the tang dynasty do to try and make its government more efficient and effective a) required government officials to be confucian scholars b)built the grand canal and repaired the great wall c)brought back the civil service examination system d)created a legislative body made up of common citizens

This is C. brought back the civil service examination system.

C. Brought back the civil service examination system is the correct answer.

Explanation:

In the traditional Chinese government the government officials were selected by competitive civil services examination and gave stability to the Chinese empire for more than 2000 years. The examination was also important for social mobility.  It was a model for the civil services that came up in Western and Asian countries.  

The first bureaucratic empire was established by the Qin dynasty and recruited the official on the recommendation by local officials. It was later adopted by Han dynasty. Sui dynasty also applied it in a much systematic way to recruit the officials.  The tang dynasty created local schools where the scholars could study for civil services exams.

the industrial development of cities in the ruhr area in the nineteenth century is described. the research was based on english and german language sources. several factors that shaped growth and paths of the cities were categorized and analyzed. they are locations, resources, traditions, entrepreneurs, and technological developments. locations and resources were the most important among them; other factors may be regarded as consequences from locations and resources. among the cities, bochum, essen, gelsenkirchen, and dortmund had the richest resources and most favorable locations in the transportation network and grew to be the largest cities in the ruhr area near the end of the nineteenth century. riverside location was also a favorable factor for the development, as shown in the development of duisburg on the confluence of rhine and ruhr. resource distribution can explain the rise of textile industry, metallurgical industry, and coal and iron industries, and the northward progression of the mining industry. tradition was an important factor for cities such as krefeld, barmen, elberfeld, solingen, and remscheid, which experienced development based on their traditions through the nineteenth century. various entrepreneurs exerted influences within and beyond the local level over the ruhr area. technological development stimulated the northward progression of the mining industry and the deep connection between the coal and the iron industries.

c. the passage of the fifteenth amendment