Why would the monasteries be important to the development of europe

Which term do historians use to describe the personal preferences that people have that affect their interpretation of events

What does the quote describe? “the closeness of the place, and the heat of the climate, added to the number in the ship, which was so crowded that each had scarcely room to turn himself, almost suffocated us….the shrieks of the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered the whole a scene of horror almost inconceivable.”

The economy shifted from to industrial during the first industrial revolution