Who was pericles? why did he give this speech?

Pericles was a general of Athens and a great orator. As a statesman he managed to turn the Delian League into Athenian supremacy. It was a tradition in Athens to make a public funeral for the dead in the war. At the end of the ceremony an important citizen would make a speech. Pericles starts his speech in the usual way of glorification of the dead but alater transformed it on a glorification of Athens and its openness to the rest of the world.

the tariff was created to protect industry in the northern part of the united states. industries in the north were being driven out of business by imported goods that were priced at a low rate. the goal was to protect these industries   by taxing the goods.