The main two revolutionary parties that first wanted to overthrow the russian government before 1905 were the populists republican guard socialist intellectuals party nihilists

The main two revolutionary parties that first wanted to overthrow the Russian government before 1905 were the Populists and Socialist Intellectuals. Both of these groups wanted a better form of government for Russia other than the Tsarist autocracy. Populists feared the dehumanizing effects of industrialization while the social intellectuals engaged in guiding and critiquing leadership that helped shaped Russian culture and politics.