In the late 1800s, what factor most contributed to the successful implementation of the practices of vertical and horizontal integration?

Lack of government regulation of business practices.

Horizontal integration is the practice of buying smaller businesses creating competition so a company can have a monopoly over the sale of an item. Vertical integration is the practice of buying companies that supply the process of of a manufactured item from raw materials to transportation.

Corporate tycoons of the Gilded Age were able to use these economic practices because there were no laws or regulations to prevent them from doing so. John Rockefeller was an expert at horizontal integration. He bought oil industries out so he could be the sole provider of oil in America. Carnegie was an expert in vertical integration. He bought iron mines, creating steel mills, and bought rail lines to transport his goods. These practices made tycoons wildly wealthy which allowed them to continue buying and investing more to become more wealthy and powerful.

the correct answer is b) the american colonies were not supporting each other.

at the time abigail wrote her second letter to john adams on november 27, 1775 she begins the letter with a series of rhetorical questions such as: if a form of government is to be established here what one will be assumed? , will it be left to the assemblies to chose one? with this questions, she is asking her husband what new form of government will be established and she is concerned that the delegates may not be able to come to consensus.

also, abigail believes that the regulations of government have been "so long slackened" that people could ignore a new government; she recognizes difficulty to establishing a new state.