Which power are given directly to the people or the states

Reserved power

Explanation:

Reserved powers refer to those powers that the US Constitution does not grant to the government and does not forbid to the states, and that belong to the states or the people alone, as outlined in the Tenth Amendment. The founding fathers created this amendment mainly to ensure that states and the people did not lose some of their powers to the government and to affirm the relationship between government and states.

you : ) : ) : )

free points always

social contract theory basically says that all individuals are born equal, and provided a god given right to consent to be governed. american government is based of this

thomas hobbes and john locke said that we are selfish, individualistic, and constantly at war with each other, therefore we need to be controlled. 

government is defined as the legitimate use of force to control human behavior within territorial boundaries, here comes in hobbes and locke.

hobbes takes the part about controlling human behavior. while locke takes the part of legitimate use of force, since force is not legitimate unless there is consent of the people. 

there are basically 3 goals of the government: 1) maintain order by protecting life and property. 2) providing public goods, those which are typically not provided by the public sector, such as roads and education. 3) promote equality be it political, opportunist or outcome equality.