During the second world war, germany's factories were decimated. it also suffered many human casualties, both soldiers and civilians. how did the war affect germany's production possibilities curve?

As World War II progressed, the ability of Germany to replenish its army peronnel and its armoured units started to decline.

As more and more men died on the field, there were simply not enough people to replace them.

As more and more tanks, airplanes and factories were destroyed, Germany could not keep up with production and was gradually declining in its ability to launch both an offensive attack or manage a proper defense.

1. between 1754 and 1763

2. a land bridge between siberia and alaska that was exposed during the most recent ice age when the waters of the bering strait receded.

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the industrial development of cities in the ruhr area in the nineteenth century is described. the research was based on english and german language sources. several factors that shaped growth and paths of the cities were categorized and analyzed. they are locations, resources, traditions, entrepreneurs, and technological developments. locations and resources were the most important among them; other factors may be regarded as consequences from locations and resources. among the cities, bochum, essen, gelsenkirchen, and dortmund had the richest resources and most favorable locations in the transportation network and grew to be the largest cities in the ruhr area near the end of the nineteenth century. riverside location was also a favorable factor for the development, as shown in the development of duisburg on the confluence of rhine and ruhr. resource distribution can explain the rise of textile industry, metallurgical industry, and coal and iron industries, and the northward progression of the mining industry. tradition was an important factor for cities such as krefeld, barmen, elberfeld, solingen, and remscheid, which experienced development based on their traditions through the nineteenth century. various entrepreneurs exerted influences within and beyond the local level over the ruhr area. technological development stimulated the northward progression of the mining industry and the deep connection between the coal and the iron industries.