Abraham lincoln's and andrew johnson's reconstruction plans both promised reconciliation and the rapid restoration of civil government in the south; they also shared an emphasis on

they also shared an emphasis on pardons for most former rebel soldiers and ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment. The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude. All States were required to ratify the Amendment before being readmitted into the Union

the results of roman expansion produced social conflict and civil war. julius caesar gained power and became a dictator but was then assassinated. the reign of augustus began a long period of imperial rule and peace in the roman empire. rome faced the problems of how to maintain peace, law, and order.

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soviet influence spread across eastern europe sharply during and after wwii. the soviet armies liberated the countries in eastern europe and occupied them from the germans as they were forced to retreat towards germany.