When the federal government spends more money than it takes in, it borrows money to make up the difference. what is this called?

What was one important characteristic of the russian military during world war i? a. it had more advanced military technology than its western european allies. b. it was an all-volunteer military that enjoyed high morale throughout the war. c. it defended russian territory but refused to attack german positions d. it was unable to provide its forces with adequate weapons and supplies.