Why was the violence against women act (vawa) declared to be unconstitutional? a. vawa was declared unconstitutional under the equal protection clause because men were not also protected against violence under the statute b. vawa was declared unconstitutional because defendants under the act were not given their due process rights under the fourteenth amendment c. vawa was unconstitutional because congress can regulate only economic activities, not non-economic activities that have an effect on interstate commerce d. vawa was declared unconstitutional because under the supremacy clause, states control all issues related to crimes?