Why did american employers begin to hire women and african americans during the early 1940s, when they had previously refused to do so?

When all the men went off to fight in the wars it was all hands on deck to make sure they got the supplies they needed to win and the only people remaining in the USA to do so we’re the women and African Americans since they weren’t technically allowed go to war *some women were nurses on the battle fields*

C. congress was able to pay debts run up in the war

Yes, some people used the depression to the max. not everybody had stocks, and those that didn't bought many things inexpensive, so that when prices rose again, they were much more richer than beforehope this